Research a hospitality facility development or refurbishment of your Paper

A neighborliness office advancement or renovation of your decision - Research Paper Example The pennant â€Å"The Character of London† was effectively maintained through the hotel’s different renovation endeavors to ooze the extravagance for the 21st Century. Lodging Savoy’s heritage of being the main lavish inn in London was saved with the redesigns and arrangement of changes they made to make the foundation all the more satisfying to the customer’s taste and as indicated by ecological patterns. Inn Savoy History everything began with a real estate parcel given by King Henry II to Count Peter II of Savoy. There, Peter II assembled the Savoy Palace. The structure experienced a few obliterations particularly that it was worked when Britain was at genuine political struggle. After not many centennials, a performance center in a similar spot was worked by Richard D'Oyly. D'Oyly, a consistent explorer, was propelled with the inn he had found in the United States, and this enlivened him to change the auditorium into London's first lavish lodging, the Hotel Savoy (Peck, 2010). Since the time Hotel Savoy turned out to be something beyond the owner’s idea, it has been getting a charge out of a big name like status, much the same as their visitors. Being the primary inn in London to offer power administrations and lift (at that point called as ‘ascending rooms’), the achievement became exciting that the most acclaimed individuals in different fields never neglect to drop in Hotel Savoy at whatever point they visit London. Prominent figures who became visit guests of Hotel Savoy incorporate Katherine Hepburn, Oscar Wilde, Coco Chanel, Bob Dylan, Queen Elizabeth II, Prince Charles, The Beatles, Elizabeth Taylor, and some more (Savoy, n.d.). A-rundown clients, for example, the previously mentioned made the inn incredible. Through the quick paced changes, something worth being thankful for about the hotel’s the executives framework is that it organizes consumer loyalty. In doing this, lodging staff and hotelie rs were prepared widely to meet the segregating clients. From barkeeps to authoritative staff, skill can be watched. Last 2007, the lodging was shut incidentally for a broad upgrade and was revived a year ago, complete with new highlights and progressively extravagant administrations (Anon., 2010). The Hotel’s Refurbishment After in excess of a centennial of lavish lodging administration, Savoy’s proprietors chose to close it briefly for restoration to take the inn to another degree of class. In a report by Stinson (2007), proprietors of the lodging uncovered that they intend to sell not many of the things possessed by the inn, for example, the amazing piano which Frank Sinatra once played when he was welcomed by the inn a few years prior, and the tiles of the assembly hall which Hollywood star Marilyn Monroe and Her Royal Highness Queen Elizabeth II moved on when they visited the spot. The beginning costs of unloaded things started with in excess of 200 pounds to as h igh as 1000 pounds or more. Notwithstanding, hoteliers guaranteed that the hotel’s trademarks, for example, the figure of Kaspar the Cat and everything found in the American bar won't be offered to save the antique feel of the foundation (Stinson, 2007). Clients who are visit in the inn are not exactly secure with the progressions the administration had chosen in light of the fact that there may be a great deal missing in the lodging and they may lose sentimentality of their past visits; nonetheless, the inn heads were guaranteeing the clients that Savoy will at present be unmistakable. The Edwardian highlights and Art Deco style of the inn would be kept up and created. Money related investigators didn't accept that the hotel’s timing in restoring the property is acceptable, considering

Public Administration Degree and Career Options

Open Administration Degree and Career Options What Is a Public Administration Degree? An open organization degree is a scholastic degree granted to understudies who have finished a postsecondary school, college, or business college program with an emphasis on open organization. The investigation of open organization ordinarily incorporates an assessment of government association, arrangements, and projects. Understudies may likewise contemplate government dynamic and the conduct of chose and non-chose authorities. Kinds of Public Administration Degrees Understudies who major in open organization have various degree alternatives accessible to them. The most mainstream degree alternatives include: Unhitched males Degree - A single men degree in open organization, business organization, the executives, or political theory can assist graduates with getting section level situations in the open organization field. Lone rangers programs ordinarily take four years of full-time study to finish. Be that as it may, quickened and low maintenance programs are additionally available.Masters Degree - An experts degree with an attention on open organization, open strategy, or a related point is the following stage for understudies who have earned a lone rangers degree. Understudies may decide to gain a Master of Business Administration (MBA) with an emphasis on open organization or the board or a Master of Public Administration (MPA), which is what might be compared to a MBA in the open organization field. A few understudies may likewise decide to seek after a Master of Public Policy (MPP), which centers around investigating and illuminating open arrangement issues. Bosses, MBA, MPA, and MP P programs for the most part take two years to finish. One-year and low maintenance programs are additionally accessible. Doctorate Degree - The two most developed degrees in open organization are the Doctor of Public Administration and the Ph.D. in Public Administration. Both are examine degrees with an emphasis on the act of open organization. The measure of time it may take to finish a propelled explore program fluctuates relying upon the school you pick. Picking a Public Administration Degree Program There are a wide range of schools that offer an open organization degree. While picking a program, you ought to think about rankings (U.S. News and World Report offers a rundown of the best open undertakings schools) just as school size, personnel, educational program, cost, area, and vocation position. Here are 8 hints for picking a MPA School. NASPAA Accreditation Accreditation is consistently significant while picking a school. Certify programs have been assessed for quality. A wide range of offices certify schools. One association, the NASPAA, centers explicitly around open organization accreditation. NASPAAs Commission on Peer Review and Accreditation is considered the approved accreditor of graduate-level open organization programs in the United States.â Open AdministrationCareer Options There are a wide range of vocation ways accessible to understudies who have earned an open organization degree. Most of graduates take open help employments. They may work in neighborhood government, state government, or government. Positions are likewise accessible in non-benefit organization and the executives. Other occupation choices incorporate vocations with autonomous or government organizations, for example, the U.S. Private company Administration, or positions with business and medicinal services associations. Another vocation way includes legislative issues. Graduates can pursue political position or offer political help through campaigning and crusade the executives. Regular employment titles for open organization graduates incorporate Spending AnalystCity ManagerCounty ClerkLegislative SupportLobbyistNon-benefit ManagerPolicy AnalystPolicy ConsultantPolitical ScientistProgram ManagerSocial Services AdministratorSocial Worker Study Earning a Public Administration Degree Snap on the connections beneath to get familiar with winning an open organization degree and working in the open organization field. ASPA - The American Society for Public Administration is an expert relationship for open organization. They center around propelling examination and practice of open and non-benefit organization. You can see different distributions on the ASPA site and become familiar with understudy openings and vocations in open organization.

Cambridge Traditions and 5 Course Meals

Cambridge Traditions and 5 Course Meals Here in Cambridge, all new students must go through a matriculation process in which you are formally admitted into the university and your college. I think all of the colleges has a matriculation ceremony on the first day of the term where all the first year students to the university sign a book or piece of paper. Each college also hosts their own matriculation dinner where all the students who matriculated that year are invited to a really nice dinner with the fellows (mostly professors) of the college. All the CME students participated in this process. My college, Gonville and Caius, just had its matriculation dinner a couple of days ago. After talking to the other CME-ers, Ive concluded that ours was probably one of the best dinners among the colleges. It was a 5 course meal that took nearly 5 hours. And the food was simply amazing. We were invited to pre-dinner drinks (champagne) with the fellows. After this, we went into the dining hall where we sat with people in our major and were served with lots of food and wine. Between all this eating and drinking, we got a chance to chat with students and professors in our major about classes, ultimate Frisbee (one of the professors didnt know what this was so we had to explain it to him), Formula 1, and other life in Cambridge topics. We all got individual menus that were written in French (dont ask me why). The main course was chicken and it was really good. It wasnt dry like the usual dining hall meat. I know the portions look small but you can get as much as you want. And I mean, it was 5 courses so we were all stuffed by the end of it. No, its not this extravagant everyday. We only get a 3 course meal on a daily basis. Haha. No joke! But thats just a Caius thing. Hm.. just realized this entry was all about food. Next entry will be about MIT CME students (probably eating food)!

The Worlds Greatest Short Stories By Guy De Maupassant

On the other hand, how do we account for the audience reaction being contrastingly different with some viewing a particular piece of literature as a tragedy and others viewing it as a comedy? This is where the environment influences come into play. Not every behavior we have is innate, B.F. Skinner (1904-1990) suggested a strong role of learning in behavior and that experience shapes behavior by pairing stimuli and reinforcers, i.e. any event that strengthens the behavior that it follows (Kolb and Whishaw). Particular experiences with tragedy that we have throughout our lives are paired with particular stimuli and reinforcers, like seeing certain types of video clips on the news, and thereby elicit certain behaviors from us. In the book, The World’s Greatest Short Stories, analysis of the stories for tragic elements based on the theory we were studying lead to quite contrasting views from my fellow classmates and myself. One of the stories that was found to have controversial audience responses was, The Necklace, written by Guy de Maupassant. The story told a beautiful young lady, Matilda, who was never satisfied with her meagre standard of living and desired more material wealth. The tragic flaw arises when she borrow a supposedly expensive diamond necklace from a friend and loses it. She and her husband decide to lie and replace the necklace in secret, rather than own up to the mistake. In the end, Matilda and her husband spend most of their lives working offShow MoreRelatedLet Majorship English4572 Words   |  19 Pagesthe power of imagination 2. What feeling is expressed in this line â€Å"My heart leaps up when I behold a rainbow in the sky†? A. Surprise C. Fear B. Happiness D. Anger 3. What is Chekhov’s most recognizable achievement in his short stories? A. His cryptic use of symbolism B. His attention to the inner lives of his characters C. His references to biblical scriptures D. His use of allegory 4. In the Iliad, whose death brought Achilles much sorrow and grief? A.

The Pure Products Of America - 1395 Words

Anna Baldwin Dr. Shaheen Literary Analysis The pure products of America What is the American Dream? In the poem, To Elsie, William Carlos Williams asks us the many questions lurking beneath the pavement of our perception behind the American dream: what are the ‘pure products of America’ and what is the reality of this imagined concept? Through the use of texture and form, Williams perfectly depicts with cynical aptitude the recycled degradation of society. In To Elsie, a depraved America is personified through the history and conception of a woman named Elsie. The poem begins in the muck and destitution of the lower-working class. When a woman is raped, a child named Elsie is born out of wedlock and that child grows to become a housemaid of a rich doctor’s family. Almost in cycle, she becomes the subject of prying eyes and perverse fantasies of rich men. Elsie is thus a symbol of America used and corrupted by the debauched society we live in. From the very beginning, the poem’s diction is designed as a method of psychology to detach the mind of the reader from the picture portrayed. In the introductory line, â€Å"The pure products of America†¦ go crazy—† (l.1, l.2), the mind of the reader is manipulated by use of the words ‘pure products.’ There is an emphasis of stressed R’s consonants, especially in the words ‘products’ and ‘crazy’, giving essentially a v ery raw and industrial grinding roll of the tongue. When one thinks of the word product, they areShow MoreRelatedCompany Analysis : Company Values And Vision882 Words   |  4 Pagesquality line of hypoallergenic supplements in the market. The industry leader in manufacturing excellence and quality control within their product lines. Commitment to producing the most complete line of research-based, hypoallergenic, nutritional supplements. Pioneer in the production of research-based and clinically relevant formulas. 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Scheduling Manufacturing Operations Free Essays

string(73) " important to understand the distinction between planning and execution\." ABSTRACT Without true finite capacity scheduling, any implementation for manufacturing execution, whether it is ERP, SCM, or MES, cannot realize the goal of enterprise efficiency and agility. All aspects of OM for manufacturing execution fall behind the lead of FCS, which is the bridge between planning and execution. Real tangible return on assets rests with FCS. We will write a custom essay sample on Scheduling Manufacturing Operations or any similar topic only for you Order Now INTRODUCTION Integrating a diverse collection of resources to accomplish a goal is an issue that has faced humankind since the first city arose and food and services needed to be provided to the populace. The modern challenge for operations management (OM) is the speed and volume that data is presented to OM systems. This explosion of data holds the promise of efficiency and agility unrealized in the past, but it forces the attention of analysts and engineers to convert the flood of data into a useable form to move from planning to action. All the systems such as MES, SCM, and ERP are information hungry beasts that must be fed with the right information at the right time to direct enterprise resources. OM requires a well-coordinated dispatch of its resources to realize efficiency and agility. This paper addresses the need to look at OM from an information-centric perspective as a necessary complement to emerging process-centric views. This discussion moves to the execution systems, also treated from an information-centric perspective, and concludes with a discussion as to why finite capacity scheduling (FCS) is the key to OM for manufacturing execution. WHEN DATA BECOMES INFORMATION Despite the advances in information technology, notably object-oriented software, systems continue to be defined by functional decomposition. Functional decomposition creates complex definitions with fragile coupling and cohesion that are on one side of a great chasm from the reality of the methods that are used to build modern information systems. Information itself is an under designed component of modern systems. Information is a series of objects made from atoms of data. Data becomes information only through context and inferences derived from context. A good example is the use of spreadsheets to attempt to understand data rather than the use of application software designed to with the operational context in mind. Figure 1: Hierarchy of Data Fusion Inferences Figure 1 shows the hierarchy of inferences through a process called data fusion. Data fusion simulates the cognitive processes used by humans to continuously integrate data from their senses to make inferences about the external world. Information systems collect data though sensors and other assets, and in the hierarchy of data processing, multiple data sources are combined to approximate or estimate the condition of some aspect of the enterprise operation. This is the first translation of data to a level of inference. Parametric data is processed to begin specific identification of a situation. As more parametric data are collected, different aspects of the situation come together to allow a contextual analysis of an increasingly complex set of conditions. Once integrated, the situation can be compared to the goals or desired state of the system. Parallel to the types of data processing are the types of inference. With raw data an inference can be made of the general condition. While this level of inference rarely points to a specific correction action, it does begin to isolate what subsystems require attention. The next level of inference will reveal a specific characteristic behavior of the system. With more integrated data, the identity of an operational system or process is revealed. The next inference is the behavior of a process, which then leads to an assessment of a situation. At the highest levels of inference, the performance is assessed to determine the deviation from the performance goals, acceptable risks, or desired state. Data fusion is not a new concept, having its origins in simple scouting, but has come into its own since WWII. The use of data fusion systems as an information springboard for systems design places execution aspects of OM firmly into a modern framework of information systems engineering. WHAT WAS OLD IS NEW AGAIN As mentioned in the introduction, operations management has been, and remains, one of the greatest organizational challenges throughout history. OM arises from the need to coordinate diverse resources to meet the needs of a complex system. The concept of the plan-execute-control model, a â€Å"discovery† made by analysts in the late 1990’s, appears in the historical records of systems management, one of the earliest mentions circa 4th century BC in China. One of the more versatile models in modern systems management appeared in 1977 as a result of a joint effort between Dr J. S. Lawson of the Naval Electronic Systems Command and Dr. Paul Moore of the Naval Postgraduate School. Figure 2 shows the Lawson-Moore model, adapted by the author for general resource management. SENSE is the collection of raw data or other collateral information about the observed environment. PROCESS takes the data through the inference hierarchy, integrating data within the context of the tasks required of the managed resources. The situation as best can be determined with the resources is then compared to the DESIRED STATE. The DESIRED STATE is the result of planning, which drives the allocation of resources to tasks. The plan exists in generalities, except for enterprises where goals are achieved with simple tasks assigned to few or uncomplicated resources. DECIDE is the point where the comparison of the situation to the goals will dictate what corrective actions are needed to bring the performance of the enterprise in line with the plan. ACT is the direct management of resources to alter enterprise performance to close the gap between the current state and the DESIRED STATE. The Lawson-Moore model is a closed-loop execution model, continuously integrating data, making inferences about the environment, and managing resources to meet goals of the plan. The Lawson-Moore model does not address planning, but it does unite planning and execution. To develop an execution system, it is important to understand the distinction between planning and execution. You read "Scheduling Manufacturing Operations" in category "Papers" Figure 2: Lawson-Moore Model (aka Lawson Model) PLANNING AND EXECUTION Planning and execution are related, but not one and the same. Planning does not occur during execution; the plan should be formulated to allow for variations and alternate execution strategies. Business (or manufacturing or service) processes are set in place, serving as doctrine that unites actions within the enterprise. Processes should be compiled for all resource management, and serve as a set of procedures designed to achieve the best results from a united enterprise, while allowing for inspired actions and initiatives. The enterprise doctrine exists so that laborious planning for each individual operation need not repeated with every new plan. The more complex or unstable composition of enterprise resource, the greater the need for standardized procedures. This becomes the foundation of repeatable performance, reducing human variations to the least contributor of performance variations. Planning cannot deviate greatly from doctrine, and execution will fail without doctrine. It is possible that execution will look so different from the plan that the uninitiated will see no similarity, but if the goals of the plan are achieved, then the execution is successful. The next section will unite the inference model with the Lawson-Moore model to develop an information-centric execution model. DATA FUSION AS OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Figure 3 shows the execution system that arises from merging inference and the Lawson-Moore model. For main components exist in this system: information collection, execution environment, human-machine interface (HMI), and evaluation. Information collection includes sensors and all other information gathering, and is a critical component to the resources managed by the OM system. The HMI is the primary means by which operators interact with the OM system. Evaluation is the component that applies performance measurements and other measures of effectiveness to determine the degree to which the execution system is meeting the goals of the plan. The execution system performs the data fusion, situation definition, and resource management. Figure 3: Data Fusion as Execution Environment Data flows from sensors contained in resources through data filtering to begin building inferences. Filtered data enters three levels of information processing. Level 1 processing aligns data in time, insures consistent units of measure, and accounts for any other physical aspects of the data. Data from different sources are aligned or correlated in order to develop meaningful inferences (e. g the color of the box has little to do with its volume, but its height, length, and width has a direct bearing on computing volume). The final function of Level 1 is identifying the situation for further processing in Levels 2 and 3. Level 2 assesses the situation within the context of the fusion process in use and available information from Level 1. Level 2 may require algorithms to augment sparse or missing data. Level 3 evaluates the situation and may direct actions to modify the use of resources to minimize deviations from plan goals. The communications between the three processing levels is continuous, forming an information loop within the execution environment to adapt to changes in the external environment. Short term and long term (historical) databases form the decision support system for the OM system. Corrective action can be automatic or require operator intervention as dictated by operation procedures. THE COMMON DENOMINATOR The integrated systems view for the enterprise is emerging as analysts focus on process-centric models and away from product- and information-centric models. Evidence is the REPAC model from AMR, shown in Figure 4. Recognizing the shortcomings of the functions intense MES and SCOR models, AMR developed a model that is focused on the business processes while supporting component assembly. Comparing that process-centric model with the information-centric model, common elements emerge. The main theme in REPAC COORDINATE is the need to schedule detailed activities from PLAN, utilizing feedbacks from EXECUTE and ANALYZE. These are the same themes addressed by the Lawson-Moore model. In both models, the key element is the ability to manage resources at the individual operations to achieve the goals set by the plan. This level of resource management is achieved by dynamic capacitated scheduling, supported by the real-time data from the environment and comparisons to the desired state established by the plan. Figure 4: AMR REPAC Model FCS: THE KEY TO OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT Whether OM is approached from a process- or information-centric model, finite capacity scheduling drives how resources are deployed to perform the tasks required to achieve the goals of the plan. The sequence of operations, the materials and labor required for operations, and the output of the operations all require supporting resources to act in sync with the business of implementing the plan. Finite capacity scheduling with the ability to account for multiple resource constraints and complex scheduling goals will be scalable to schedule both the lowest level of operation and the supporting resources. Planning is at best an approximation of the resource needs because planning cannot develop a precise quantification of labor, material, or time to meet the goals. Execution cannot begin until the set of actions, well matched to the available resources, is developed to load the operations and develop a timeline for the actions. Execution cannot continue unless the scheduling component can receive the feedback from the resources and develop alternative sets of actions that will best meet the goals of the plan. Only true finite capacity scheduling, design for real-time use, can integrate the planning and execution together to meet the enterprise objectives. CONCLUSION For manufacturing OM to achieve the goals of efficiency and agility, all aspect of planning, execution, and control are necessary to create an effective system. The bridge from the plan to the actions of the organization is dynamic resource management. For an organization with any degree of complexity, procedures need to be in place to establish the general guidelines of operations. In this imperfect world, the plan and procedures must be flexible enough to adapt. The control side provides data and accepts corrective action, but a dynamic element must exist in the OM system that allows for accepting a situation assessment and rapid response to degrading performance. The planning side requires feedback from the OM layer to create future plans. The baseline provided by planning drives the selection of enterprise operations, but the synchronization of these operations, and the alternative actions needed when the exceptions arise, comes from the power of true finite capacity scheduling. FCS is the means by which OM for manufacturing execution becomes a reality. How to cite Scheduling Manufacturing Operations, Papers

ICT in Logistics Management-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignment

Question: Discuss about the ICT in Logistics Management. Answer: Distribution and Logistics Management Logistics management is a component of the supply chain management that meets demands from consumers by ensuring efficient planning and control in the movement of goods, services, and information from the point of production to the respective destinations (Nilsson, 2006). This process is important for companies because its aids in the reduction of costs related to movement of goods and services and it ensures that customer service is greatly enhanced. The management of logistics commences with the accumulation of raw materials from the respective suppliers to the delivery of products to the customers. Logistics managers adhere to the needs of their consumers as well as the standards that have been set up for the entire industry by following a provided process strategy, and implementing it according to the set plans. Logistics management requires that all the activities take place in time. Failure of this could lead to customer dissatisfaction. Incidentally, delayed deliveries may lead to loss of buyers. Moreover, there is need for the products to be transported properly to avoid damages. If there is poor logistics management, expenses may increase leading to losses being incurred. To resolve these problems, it is paramount that organizations implement logistic management practices that will save time, minimize costs, and ultimately increase customer satisfaction. This is possible by the use of information and communication technology in logistics management (Sai, 2016). The information and communication technologies can be applied in transportation of products, warehousing activities, the management of inventory, and in customer services. It makes the processes more efficient, saves time, and increases the customers levels of satisfaction. In the supply chain and logistics, different information and communication technologies has been seen to play a great role. The different technologies used are listed below. There is the use of Automatic Identification Technology (Auto ID). This is a technology that enables data to be entered directly into a computer without using a keyboard. It makes use of devices that are microprocessor controlled and logic controllers that are programmable (Majekodunmi, 2014). Technologies that employ Auto ID include; Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), voice recognition and bar coding. This technology is mainly used in tracking goods to ensure timely dispatch to the customers (Jones, Chung, 2016). Auto ID aids in providing accuracy in matters of package locations, saving time and costs, and it provides efficient data analysis and storage (Zeibig, 2006). Radio frequency identification aids in identification of the location of the products and aids in the capturing of data. RFID systems are very important especially in hostile environments where other technologies such as bar codes may be unable to survive. They communicate the data in regards to the inventory through the use of radio waves wirelessly from the objects that have been tagged to the reader. There are various components that make up the RFID system. These include; radio frequency tags (RFTs) which are made of an antenna and a chip that is a semiconductor, a single or multiple read or write devices that are referred to as readers, the readers also have an antenna, the host computer system, and an application software (Ahsan, 2011). RFIDs have been used by different suppliers from India to export their merchandise to retailers such as Walmart. These suppliers, by using the RFIDs are able to gain visibility in the movement of their products in the supply chain. This makes them more competitive. They also assist the manufacturers to manage their inventory better (Saleem, 2012). Bar coding technology is in the form of parallel lines that have different thickness, that are arranged in a sequence, containing spaces between them (Sellinger, 2012). The bars are information that has been presented in a coded form and is read using a scanner. The first time bar codes were used was in an American supermarket in 1952 (Reynolds, n.d.). The bar code contains information about; name of the manufacturer, manufacture date, details about the product, and country code. Different industries that make use of bar codes include; electronics, retail, pharmaceutical, automobiles, and consumer goods. Bar coding therefore aids during distribution to track goods in transit to consumers (Hutton, Ding, Wellman, 2017). Proctor and Gamble Company initially used bar coding technology to track the movement of goods as they were being shipped to retail outlets from their factories (Hunt, Puglia, and Puglia, 2007). However, they were not able to be proactive in preventing shortages in their stores. Hence, they shifted to the use of RFID to track their products. As a result, because they were able to track even individual products, they were able to stock their stores on demand and avoid shortages. Consequently, they predicted that this move would aid in reducing their expenses by $400 million annually ("Technology Trends in Logistics and Supply Chain Management", 2017). Another company that has made use of RFID technology is Ford Motor Company. Initially, the workers in the assembly line had to call and order for parts replenishments when they ran out and then waited for long periods of time to receive them. The company, in a bid to solve this problem, put RFID tags on every parts bin. This has in turn helped because workers in the warehouses are aware when the parts are running low and they automatically deliver those parts to the workers in the assembly lines ("Technology Trends in Logistics and Supply Chain Management", 2017). This has aided in saving time and increasing the income earned by the company. The voice interactive system is used mainly in warehousing operations. This technology enables the workers to pass on information to the central computer without making use of a keyboard. It is very efficient because it enables the operators to keep on working as they are communicating data to the system. They are therefore able to perform various tasks in the warehouse such as inspection of goods, picking up and packing the products while still interacting with the system. As such the workers are able to feed data to the system such as the item IDs while forklifting the products and driving the products away. The central computer, on the other hand, will update the data in real time. It is therefore very efficient in that it saves time while increasing productivity and reducing errors (Newsom, 2013). Communication technology is extremely vital in the achievement of success in logistics management. It enables organization to become highly competitive by increased accuracy and speed in the process of communication. Electronic data interchange (EDI) is a communication technology that assists to move data and information between computers. It can be used in the electronic movement of documents that are used in business processes such as cheques, invoices, and challans (Choe, 2008). This is a significant technology because it aids in elimination of errors that can be brought about by the use of physical documents or loss of the documents. This technology is superior to the use of emails in passing information because the EDI message is created by the use of one software and another software is used in the interpretation while emails are composed manually and the interpretation is also manual. This technology is significant in the supply and logistics management because; it ensures that transactions are faster and enables documents to be transferred in the supply chain in real time. By use of this technology a company can achieve just in time inventory management. Because the transactions that occur are paperless, transaction costs are considerably reduced. It also reduces the time taken in the order cycle. Finally, it improves the relationships that exist between different corporate parties thus reducing competition levels. Therefore, this is a technology that aids in the management of inventory. Another technology that is used in logistics is called Very Small Aperture Terminal (VAST). Today, the use of satellite channels of communication has become very significant in providing data in real time. There is an antenna that is fixed on the vehicle to enable the carrier of the goods to be tracked. Consequently, the consigner, driver, and consignee are able to communicate (Raghav, Vaithianathan, Murali, 2015). Because this communication occurs in real time, all the stakeholders are able to have an update of where the goods carrier is located and the location for the delivery. Walmart makes use of this technology to ensure control in the movement of inventory. This technology aids both in the transportation process and leads to improved customer service. Another transportation technology is the use of Geographical Positioning Systems (GPS). This system aids in the process of tracing the movement of inventory. It provides higher levels of accuracy when put in use in the developed countries where with the assistance of Geo Stationary Satellites, a truck can be traced in terms of longitude and latitude to the accuracy of one meter. As soon as this location is identified feedback can be sent back to the consigner and the consignee using different means. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is another communication technology that aids in providing the exact location of the consignment in any location on earth as long as it is stored in geography related databases. When integrated with GPS, GIS can track the inventory to a specific street in any given town. Web based Tracking is another technology that aids in tracking inventory. It aids in improvement of customer services because it allows clients to access the status reports about their consignments. This report can be downloaded by the clients through internet connection. The data provided by this technology enables the company to plan schedules for dispatch as well to follow up with their clients on matters regarding payments. This is an important technology because it brings trust between the customers and the companies and ensures that the customers receive their consignments in good time. This technology has been highly used by Indian companies such a Blue Dart and Fed-Ex. Another communications technology that is used in warehouses is the Automated Guided Vehicle System (AGVS). This is a system that incorporates the use of optical and magnetic systems of guidance. An operator is not required when using this system. There is an energized wire that is laid on the floor of the warehouse that guides the equipment carrying inventory. The wire is used to direct the magnetic system. In the recent past, there have been Automated Guided Vehicle Systems that work without the need for the energized wire and they therefore do not follow one fixed route alone. These systems can be able to carry out all the activities of handling inventory in the warehouse without the need for human control. They can also be used together with robots. In such instances they are able to pick the exact requirements provided in an order by a customer (Jaiganesh, Kumar Girijadevi, 2010). Another technology used in warehouses is the use of Information Directed System (IDS). This system makes use of a centralized computer that controls the equipment that handles inventory (Gattiker, 2006). The equipment and the computer make use of radio frequency to communicate. An operator feeds the movements that need to be undertaken to the computer, which in turn passes the tasks to the different equipment. This technology increases the productivity in the warehouse because the system can perform different jobs that involve the handling of inventory using just one equipment. These jobs include; loading different vehicles and picking orders. An information technology that is used in supply chain and logistics management is the use of Enterprise Resource Planning. This is an integrated software that aids to bring a difference in the working of employees and it encompasses all the operations in the business (Babu Bezawada, 2012). It requires enough time to plan before using it because it is very expensive and complex. The enterprise resource planning software can be adapted to suit a given business. Ramco Systems in India is one company that has adapted ERP to suit the business environment in which it operates. This software enables an organization to respond to customers quickly, reduces costs related to inventory and logistics, and leads to improved service provision by the company both internally to its employees and externally to other stakeholders such as customers and suppliers. Other companies that have incorporated the use of ERP include; Colgate and Nestle. These companies have been able to save costs related to inventory. Another information technology tool used in logistics management is the use of Distribution Requirement Planning (DRP). This technology incorporates sophisticated planning methods and takes note of the characteristics of the distribution system with emphasis on the different distribution stages in the process ("Distribution Requirement Planning (DRP)", 2014). The requirement for the inventory of finished goods is determined by the distribution requirement planning systems. The demands for consumers in different markets are put into consideration and the different distribution centers. This system aids in the consolidation of the different shipments to various places that are in different geographical locations. This in turn aids in the reduction of costs associated with the distribution of products. The use of this system helps companies to reduce the levels of inventory in their warehouses and minimize distribution costs. A technology that is very important in inventory management is the Automated Inventory Tracking System (AITS). This is an information technology tool that provides information on the levels of inventory in real time (Sople, 2007). It is used in feeder, retail stores, and major warehouses. The data regarding the levels of inventory remaining are conveyed to the suppliers directly once the level of stock in the major warehouses are checked. This is for the purpose of replenishments before the stock runs out to prevent delays and losses being incurred. The process of replenishment by the supplier takes different times based on the rate at which the particular product is selling in the retail stores, the amount of inventory already in transit, and the amount of safety stock. This tool is vital because it aids in the optimization of stock in the supply chain. Walmart uses the Automated Inventory Tracking Systems throughout their supply chain to control their inventory. Another technology that is being used the transportation of inventory is the drone. This technology has not yet began being used that much but it is continually growing. Drones have a great potential for growth. This is because they can be much faster that vehicles. They have an ability to access densely populated areas without having to pass through the congested urban roads. Moreover, they can save costs because their operating budgets are much lower than when using other means of transport. Advanced machine learning and analytics is another very important technology in this day and age. Today, there is so much data that is in existence. Companies are gaining a great competitive edge by making use of this data. They are analyzing this data and identifying patterns that exist then they are using this information to make business decisions. Currently, computers have been programmed to produce certain reports and dashboards that are already pre-determined. However, there are other consumer trends and market insights that need to be uncovered. This is where machine learning comes in and it is able to identify these patterns. When combined with supply chain management, this technology will aid in converting the existing data into actionable intelligence for the businesses. The company can therefore be able to improve product demand through accurate forecasting, create a chain of supply for the orders coming in, and be able to predict patterns, trends and performance. Clearly, technological advances are being used to increase profit margins as well as improve the logistics operations. The ability to share information in real time has become vital in the achievement of efficiency. One of the biggest issues that logistics managers have is information distribution. This happens because there are many levels in the logistics process that have their own platforms for sharing the information instead of this information being shared all through. The different levels in the supply chain include; distribution, procurement, and manufacturing. It is therefore paramount that the supply chain adopts a policy of integration. Today, many companies are looking to integrate all their internal operations from management of inventory, warehousing, transportation and all other components of the supply chain. Incidentally, there is a technology known as SaaS that enables companies to integrate their different operations. In turn, they enjoy better management of their inventory, faster shipping, and reduced costs associated with warehousing activities. This report has shown the ways in which technology is used in logistics management in the process of distribution, inventory management, warehousing and in customer services. All the technological applications have been seen to reduce costs incurred, save on time, increase the levels of productivity, and increase the levels of customer satisfaction. Companies should analyze the different information and communication technologies that are in existence in order to incorporate them into their companies based on their different logistic activities. This will increase the companies competitiveness and improve their efficiency levels References Ahsan, K. (2011).RFID Components, Applications and System Integration with Healthcare Perspective. Babu, Bezawada . (2012). Enterprise Resource Planning.SSRN Electronic Journal. Choe (2008). The effects of EDI usage on production performance through the changes of management control systems.Production Planning and Control, 570-580. Distribution Requirement Planning (DRP). (2014).Encyclopedia of Production And Manufacturing Management, 166. Gattiker, U. (2006).The Information Security Dictionary: Defining The Terms That Define Security For E-business, Internet, Information And Wireless Technology. Springer Science Business Media. Hunt, Puglia, Puglia. (2007).RFID: a guide to radio frequency identification. John Wiley Sons. Hutton, Ding, Wellman. (2017). The Effects of Bar-coding Technology on Medication Errors: A Systematic Literature Review.Journal of Patient Safety. Jaiganesh, Kumar, Girijadevi. (2014). Automated Guided Vehicle with Robotic Logistics System.Procedia Engineering, 20102020. Jones, Chung. (2016).RFID and Auto-ID in Planning and Logistics: A Practical Guide for Military UID Applications. CRC Press. Majekodunmi (2014).Utilizing automatic identification tracking systems to compile operational field and structure data(Doctoral dissertation, University of Maryland, College Park). Newsom, J. (2013). Interactive Voice Technology (IVR) Is Widely Applicable.Medical Care, 1026. Nilsson, F. (2006). Logistics management in practice towards theories of complex logistics.The International Journal of Logistics Management, 39. Raghav, Vaithianathan, Murali. (2010).General Economics for the CA Common Proficiency Test (CPT). Pearson Education India. Reynolds, T.History of Barcode Scanners.Barcodesinc.com. Retrieved 3 October 2017, from https://www.barcodesinc.com/articles/history-of-barcode-scanners.htm Sai, S. (2016).Logistics Management: Concept, Significance and Key Activities.YourArticleLibrary.com: The Next Generation Library. Retrieved 3 October 2017, from https://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/business/logistics-management/logistics-management-concept-significance-and-key-activities Saleem, H. (2012). Review of Various Aspects of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Technology.IOSR Journal Of Computer Engineering, 01-05. Sellinger (2012). Bar CodingNot Just in the Supermarket Anymore.The Canadian Journal Of Hospital Pharmacy. Sople, V. (2007).Logistics management. Pearson Education India. Technology Trends in Logistics and Supply Chain Management. (2017).Daily News. Retrieved 3 October 2017, from https://dailynews.lk/business/technology-trends-logistics-and-supply-chain-management Zeibig (2006). Radio Frequency Identification (RFID).Controlling, 50-51.

Ethno Essay free essay sample

A living Jazz legend once exclaimed Jazz has borrowed from other genres of music and also has lent Itself to other genres of music. Herbs Hancock makes It clear that jazz has been an evolving form of art. And just as simple as the notion that music can change the world, music changes in itself. Jazz once evolved into something we call swing. Back in the roaring twenties people got up and danced to this kind of music. However, these simple and playful melodies that everyone were accustomed to transformed Into intricate music with a different basis.When Jazz was over everyones head and people stopped dancing, we call this period bop. Inevitably, new Ideas emerged and Jazz musicians decided to take a step back, leading Into the cool period. Although it is hard to find the exact beginnings and ends to these distinct eras, I will show how musicians utilized different styles to express themselves. We will write a custom essay sample on Ethno Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It all began running in the early sass when bebop started emerging. Superseding the swing era, bop switched its focus from a melodic improvisational style to one more harmonically based.This unique style of improvisation stemmed room the man with the nickname Bird, Charlie Parker. As Crow describes, one of the delightful features of Parsers Improvised choruses was his ability to extract quotes from various musical sources and artfully weave them into his own lines, always imaginatively to the chord structure of the tune he was improvising (Crow 1 990: 301). Essentially, Charlie Parker advanced improvisation many levels by looking past the tune everyone can normally hear and basing his solos off of the harmonies these melodies come from.It was actually a goal of bebop to make music more challenging wrought means of ornamentation, where a musicals added and changed the chord progression throughout a song to Increase Its difficulty. This new focus on the harmony eventually led to easier arrangements with the typical outline of a short melody, focus on the improvisation section, and repeat of the short melody. Although Bird helped define improvisation, it is hard to overlook the contributions of Telethons Monk and John Burkes Gillespie.Monk was a self-taught pianist that played with flat fingers, yet had Incredible control and improvisation skills. Gillespie as a genius musician trumpet player that had a great deal of fun with his sense of humor and comedic skits, nicknamed Dizzy. Dizzy developed bunny routines as fast as he developed original music. With them he attracted and held audiences that might not have understood everything he was playing (Crow 1990: 331). As Crow shows, Dizzy had a silly side but knew when to buckle down and be serious. The combination of Bird, Dizzy and Monk, meant endless hours soloing at Moutons and Monomers. They explored their Individual sides of soloing and created unison soloing between trumpet and saxophone when Improvising. The only problem was, even when Dizzy was serious, his style of music was not adored by everyone. The very fast tempos and blur through notes made it hard to dance to like in the swing period, which made it hard to be popular. It was this lack of an audience that started the transition over to the cool era.The reason its probably called cool Jazz Is because it brought the energy down a performance style is restrained subdued, or understated when compared with hot taken in bebop (Meadows 2003: 262). Some people consider cool Jazz a reaction to bop, yet some consider it a completely new genre. This is why its hard to draw those definite lines. The roots of cool span back to the School of Cool Jazz on the West Coast. Miles popularized cool through his album, Birth of the Cool, but this is only mistakenly believed to be the start of cool, as it was already being played. He had a style like the players from SST. Louis, singing sound, and he didnt play too many notes or play those real fast tempos (Davis 1989: 62). From Miles Davis autobiography, it is clear that he heard a style that was much slower than the bop he was playing alongside Bird and Dizzy. He much rather preferred this style which came known as cool. Talking to his father about dropping Jailbird, he was given invaluable advice to never be like a mockingbird and to have originality in whatever he does in life. Miles Davis is one of the defining giants in the cool era.David Bruce and Stan Get also influenced this new style of Jazz. Bruce explored and borrowed ideas from other parts of the world. He integrated new meters, melodic ideas, creating many Jazz standards, and one of the top selling Jazz albums, Time-out. Get popularized boost nova, yet another Jazz genre with many ties with cool. Get brought in Latin ideas mixed with the more relaxed cool music. Bruce and Get epitomize what Herbs Hancock was talking about, borrowing ideas, creating new ones, and sharing.The differences in ideas can be more clearly seen by a side-by-side comparison. Cool is identified as an easier to follow genre that avoided the loud and aggressive bop style. In essence, cool was more accessible to its audience. A variety of new instruments Joined the Jazz artillery from flute to the tuba to the French horn. This allowed more emphasis for the arrangements of the pieces with an increase in the variety of instruments. As opposed to a simple tune with the main focus on the solo, the main pieces were the focus, with a solo section that was played with a new style. In bop, the saxophone and trumpet unison soloing from Bird and Dizzy was replaced with a more team worked solo style in cool. The end goal was to feel more emotional solos that even resembled a singers style, going as far as breathing and pausing like a singer would. Aside from the music, cool had some unusual differences in race and region. It Just so happened to be that bop was started in the East and played mainly by African Americans, while cool was started in he West and primarily played by Caucasians.Not to say that the music wasnt played by all races and eventually Joined by both regions. The differences seem many between the two styles, but there is one unifying person between the two genres. Lester Young was a one of those individuals that come around once in a while. His solos on Lady be Good and Shoe Shine Boy were immediately regarded by musicians, many of whom learned them note for note (PBS 2000). This great tenor saxophone of the swing era had a very light and delicate style, preferred by cool musicians.The pop musicians liked his defiance and non-conformity, as he is the first to start improvising, the main tool in bop. The unorthodox usage of accents and playing outside of chord changes was mixed in both bop and cool periods. Musicians had similar influences and took what they learned to create different styles of music. The different genres were ways to give musicians diverse ways of expressing themselves. Current and past to create the future. Miles Davis hinted that he was Just tired of hearing notes racing through scales and wanted to slow it down.

Archimedes’ Autobiobraphy The WritePass Journal

Archimedes’ Autobiobraphy WRITEPASS CUSTOM ESSAY WRITING DISSRTATION EXAMPLES FREE ESSAYS Archimedes’ Autobiobraphy WRITEPASS CUSTOM ESSAY WRITING DISSRTATION EXAMPLES FREE ESSAYSAbstractâ€Å"Archimedes of Syracuse†BibliographyRelated WRITEPASS CUSTOM ESSAY WRITING DISSRTATION EXAMPLES FREE ESSAYS Abstract The invention of mathematical formulas used in physical and chemical sciences has played a crucial role in technological advancement exhibited in the contemporary society. Many of these inventions were made in the early and the late 1800’s, while some made as early as 200 BC’s. Many scholars in the contemporary generation have shown increased interest in studying the motivation of these ancient inventors and how they managed to develop their ideas (Netz Noel, 2007). This paper will document the autobiography of Archimedes of Syracuse, who has been considered a pioneer through inventing mathematical formulas. â€Å"Archimedes of Syracuse† Archimedes was born to Phidias, a mathematician and an astronomer in 287 BC in Syracuse, a city in Sicily (Zannos, 2005). There is no clear information about his early life and his family, but some people claim that his nobility was of Syracuse and that he was related to the King of Syracuse, Hiero II. During this period, Syracuse was considered a centre of commercial activities and as a young person growing in this busy city Archimedes developed an interest in solving complex mathematical problems facing the people of Sicily (Anderson, 2009). After acquiring much information from the local schools he attended in Syracuse, he travelled to Egypt for further learning in Alexandria University. Upon completion of his education, Archimedes travelled back to Syracuse where he lived a life of innovative thinking and solving problems through critical thinking as well as application of mathematical formulas (Geymonat, 2010). King Hiero II was impressed by Archimedes’ inventions which o ffered solutions to various challenges (Neal, 2011). One of Archimedes’s inventions that impressed King Hiero II was Archimedes’ screw that enabled the King to empty water from a hull of his ship. Archimedes was also asked by the king to find out how he could determine the amount of gold on his crown without destroying it. Archimedes addressed this by immersing it in water and determining the volume of the water it displaced, then determining the weight of the crown, thus its density (Dijksterhuis, 2009). This information enabled him to determine the purity of the crown. Apart from his innovations, Archimedes participated in the defense of Sicily from the Romans. Sicily was considered a centre of political and geological activities, as an Island located between Carthage and Rome, Sicily was faced by the challenge of ally issues. That is, the King did not know whether to form an ally with either Rome or Carthage: This is because, forming an ally with i.e. Rome, could have led to enmity between Sicily and Carthage (Gow, 2005). Archimedes was given the responsibility of constructing walls to protect the city from Carthaginian or Roman attacks. He also developed war machines that could be used during attacks. In geometry, Archimedes contributed significantly towards the development of the basic principles of pivot as well as pulley system. He also contributed significantly towards the understanding of the principle of buoyancy, defined as the power of liquid to exert an upward force on an object placed in it (Paipetis, 2010). Archimedes died when Rome at tacked Syracuse, he was attacked by an enraged soldier, who had demanded that he accompany him to King Marcellus’ tent (Jaeger, 2008). In conclusion, Archimedes had a significant contribution to in mathematics and physics. His ideas regarding the calculation of density of objects immersed in water as well as the idea of buoyancy are currently used in various learning systems and in practical circumstances. Archimedes can also be considered a patriot owing to the fact that he defended his nation fearlessly from the cruel Roman Soldiers, an act that led to his death at 75 years (Archimedes, Netz Eutocius, 2004). Bibliography Archimedes., Netz, R. and Eutocius, (2004). The works of Archimedes. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Dijksterhuis, E. (2009). Archimedes. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. Netz, R. and Noel, W. (2007). The Archimedes Codex. Philadelphia, PA: Da Capo Press. Zannos, S. (2005). The life and times of Archimedes. Hockessin, Del.: Mitchell Lane.Geymonat, M. (2010). The Great Archimedes. Waco, Tex.: Baylor University Press. Anderson, M. (2009). Archimedes of Syracuse: The chest of ideas : A historical novel. Faifield, Iowa: 1st World Publishing. Gow, M. (2005). Archimedes: Mathematical Genius of the Ancient World. Berkeley Heights, NJ: Enslow. Paipetis, S. (2010). Archimedes Contribution in Physics and Mathematics. Dordrecht: Springer. Neal, C. (2011). Archimedes. New York: McGrawHill. Jaeger, M. (2008). Archimedes and the Roman imagination. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.

Opportunities and challenges faced by multi-national companies in Essay - 1

Opportunities and challenges faced by multi-national companies in setting an appropriate transfer price - Essay Example This strategy creates both the opportunities and challenges to the multinational companies. One of the major challenge that face multinational companies is complying with transfer pricing rules which is a costly affair itself. However, when times are tough, tax laws are adjusted, an aspect that increases the cost of compliance. With every change in the tax laws, the multinational companies had to interpret the law, apply it effectively and change their internal systems (Kuan,  WorldTrade Executive (Concord, & Mass.) 2005). For instance, they have to automate the processes and hire tax professionals who will track these changes on a regular basis. This requires immense spending by these firms. Managing and producing a detailed trail of audit which involve a step by step of the overall process of transfer pricing is demanding and time-consuming (Wintzer 2007). Therefore, many companies that lack effective internal strategies find it difficult to take up this process. In addition, these companies face a challenge of using a third party because they lack an in-depth understanding of their businesses and operations. In some cases, the top officials use this opportunity to embezzle funds from the organization, thereby affecting their positions in the market. Transfer pricing provides an opportunity for the multinational companies to exercise their â€Å"multinationality† (Bakker & Obuoforibo 2009). In case these transfers do not exist, the concept of multinational companies to exist in different markets would not apply at all. Instead, domestic businesses would dominate each local market in the country. Therefore, transfer pricing plays a significant role in enabling these firms to transfer their resources to other countries some of which are used to support struggling subsidiaries which are located in countries experiencing intense

Business strategy report of Vodafone Group PLC Dissertation

Business strategy report of Vodafone Group PLC - Dissertation Example On the basis of strategic management principles, the mission as well as vision of a business firm is formulated. On the further extent, various types of business strategies are formulated, evaluated and implemented on the basis of the principles of strategic management. This dissertation will concentrate on the strategic management of Vodafone Group PLC. The framework of the paper would not only discuss the various types of business strategies incorporated by the company, but would also focus on the new strategies that can be implemented by the firm in the next five years. The learnt from the paper would help the researcher to analyze the business strategies of the company in details. Industry Analysis The industry in which Vodafone PLC is situated is the telecommunications industry. This industry deals with providing long distance communication services through technological means. Till 1982, the telecommunication sector in United Kingdom was in the form of a public owned company named Post Office Telecommunication. The market structure of the broadcasting sector was duopoly in its nature. The two companies that had formed this duopoly were BBC and the Independent Broadcasting Authority. At this point of time, the mobile or internet services did not exist in the market. With time and development of science and technology, the telecommunication sector in U.K. had expanded. ... had expanded. At present, this industry is highly competitive in nature. Its retail sector is much bigger than that of many other industrial sectors. Companies in this sector in U.K. not only earns substantial amount of profit in terms of billion dollars, but also invest a considerable part of their revenue in research and development for new innovations (Papadopoulos, 2011). Profile of the Company Vodafone Group plc, also recognized as Vodafone, is a UK based global company which is involved in the commerce of providing telecommunication services. The corporation was founded in 1991 in Newbury, Berkshire, United Kingdom. However, the concern shifted its headquarters to London, United Kingdom. The ancestor of Vodafone was Racal Telecom (1983-1991). In stipulations of the total financial proceeds spawned as well as the strength of subscribers, the organization is considered as the second largest telecommunication company in the globe, following China Mobile. The company is present in almost 30 economies of the world and carries its business operations in 40 other nations with the help of its business partners. At present, the company is headed by Vittorio Colao (CEO) and Gerard Kleisterlee (Chairman) (Vodafone, 2012a). It provides employment opportunities to around 87,000 citizens across the globe and also, generates income opportunities to numerous business acquaintances of the company. Some of the commodities of the company include mobile telephony, digital television, fixed line and internet services. As of 2012, the net revenue of the organization was ?46.417 billion and had operating earnings of ?11.187 billion (The World Bank, 2012). Although, the company has a hefty position in the marketplace, it still has to deal with

Gender Representation in Advertisements

Gender Representation in Advertisements GENDER REPRESENTATION IN COMMERCIALS Imagine a commercial where a half naked man is bringing a beer bottle to a woman while pouring it all  over himself; Imagine a commercial where a loving husband cooks dinner while his wife is watching the  television on the sofa. Just imagine. Something does not seem right? That is because society is used to  certain types of commercials; ones where women are playing the domestic role and men are strong,  needed people. In this essay I will be explaining how different genders are being represented in the TV  advertisements and why ‘life’ from commercials is not something to look up to. Throughout the essay  these points will be shown by ‘taking apart’ commercials that have been on our TVs and we did not even  pay attention to the details and signs that were in front of us the whole time. Firstly, I would like to start from children’s commercials because the roles that young girls and boys are  playing are very similar to the ones that men and women have in other commercials. In one of the  Fisher-price.com[i] ads for a doll house, we can see two girls playing with some of the dolls and they are  already placing the ‘dad’ at the table sitting down while the ‘mom’ cooks and prepares everything,  whilst taking care of the ‘babies’. On the other hand, in a Tonka toy[ii] commercial we can see two boys  playing with the Tonka toys and they are being portrayed as very simple, not intelligent people as their  vocabulary is limited to ‘’This tool rules!’’ and ‘’Yea’’. In both of these commercials we can clearly see  that our children are being thought from a very young age who has which role in the family and this  society. Girls are there to serve the guys and guys are there to give a hand to the helpless girls. Secondly, we can look at commercials where the main characters are played by teenage girls and guys.   In Bissell commercial[iii] for a vacuum cleaner, we can see a family where the mom and her daughter are  very excited about cleaning and the boy in the family offers to get the vacuum for them, but the girl tells  him that there is no need because the vacuum cleaner is not even heavy. Cleaning is being shown as  something fun and easy, and by this society pushes girls into domesticity from young age. When we take  a look at teen males, Axe ad[iv], some people would say that it is just a funny commercial, but others could  be very offended by it. There is a need for the sexual desire of the audience, female and male, since  women are wearing very revealing clothing and are being shown as sexual objects and are willing to do  anything for the attention and acceptance of men. The guy in the commercial is also being shown as just  some kind of a sexual object because he is half naked and women are all over him- stereotypes of  masculinity. And finally, let’s take a look at how adult females and males are being represented in commercials. In  Dyson Vacuum cleaner[v] ad firstly we see a woman in a bikini posing for a photo in some kind of a photo  shoot. The photographer is a man, and the staff that brings drinks to the employees are girls. In the next  moment we see that a vacuum cleaner is connected to the models back and when the guy who is   holding the vacuum cleaner turns it off, the model becomes overweight and much more curvy. She does  not look upset by this fact at all, moreover she is totally fine with it and even walks of the set smiling. This commercial is very downgrading towards women and is very hard to look at and laugh from a  women’s perspective. For the male adults, I have chosen the Milwaukees BEST LIGHT[vi] commercials  because all of them are sending the same message. Men who are showing affection towards their  partners do not deserve to live is the most simple way of putting what this commercial has to show. If  there is any sign of caring and loving side in a man, they are not masculine; all men need to behave in a  tough guy manor, and if not they get mocked and put down. All of these commercials show us how society has accepted certain roles in life as normal, where women  are portrayed as subordinate to men. This can be connected to Marxism, where the proletariat role have  women and men are the bourgeoisie. Gramsci explains that the process by which a power relationship is  accepted, consented to and seen as natural or as ‘common sense’ exists- Hegemony. It is ‘normal’ that a  woman is cleaning, washing, taking care of children, cooking and serving her partner. It is ‘normal’ that a  man is working, bringing the money to the house, fixing things, waiting for everything to come to him,  not caring. Commercials are a part of the media and a lot of people blame the media for everything that the society  is doing and thinking. Levin and Kilbourne claim that heavy exposure to media alters the viewers  perception of social reality in a way that matches the media world, and they are not the only ones. A lot  of very influential people share their opinion, like Germaine Greer, an Australian theorist and academic,  who believes that the media upholds an ideal image of beauty in its representation-an image that the  women are made to be desperate to conform to. The emphasis on beauty/’sexiness’ and women in the  media has meant that women now believe that if they do not conform to this-if they are not beautiful-  they are not successful and are useless. Not only women are the ones who are trying to fit into this  picture that has been imposed on us, according to the research done by academics a lot of men feel the  same way. There is a lot of focus on mus cled and very fit male bodies and it is causing men the same  anxiety and personal insecurity that women have felt for decades. At first I did approach this topic from a feminist side, but simply because it was quite obvious that men  are the one in control and the women were represented as passive objects of the male gaze (Mulvey  1975). University of North Texas professor Steve Craig said that women tend to be represented as  rewards for men who choose the right product; these commercials are narratives of playful escapades  away from home and family. Later on, as I was going through even more material, such as Kraft dressing[vii] and Diet Coke[viii]  commercials, I realized that a number of ads have represented men as objects for the female gaze.  Women viewers are not passive but active and engage critically with these kinds of media texts by   selecting texts that have meaning for them. Even though we do blame the media for these impositions,  Gammon and Marshment stress the importance of the audience’s role in the construction of meaning in  media texts and emphasis the range of interpretations that any text offers. Although these days there are a lot of commercials that are representing men and women differently,  one type of commercial has never been made with a female as the customer and the men as the ‘bait’-  beer commercials. For this reason I have decided to concentrate on beer commercials and how they  affect women and men everywhere. According to Susan Bordo, an academic, men in beer ads are always  being portrayed as virile, slim, muscular and powerful, whilst the women are eager for male  companionship, weak, vulnerable. Men and beer have gone together for ages. Beer is crafted by men in  factories owned by men, sold to men, and consumed by men. I have done a research in order to see if my suspicions are indeed correct. After gathering the results of  my survey, I have found out that a 100% of females asked knew what beer is and have tried it before,  80% of them liked it and would have it again and 48% of them said that beer is their number one drink  when choosing to drink alcohol. When talking about just the United States, according to Dr, Bart Watson  women account for 25% of total consumption by volume, and 37% of craft-beer consumption in the  United States. Meg Gill has said: ‘’It has gotten better the last few years, but sometimes you hear ‘let me pour you  something sweet, honey.’ Women, just like men, love hops. And women can detect bitterness much  better than men.’’ Women were also the first to turn brewing into a lucrative industry, taking beer out  of their kitchens and selling it for a profit around town. In medieval Europe, women known as alewives  skirted the discriminatory rules against female ownership of land and business by opening ale houses.   So why aren’t there any beer commercials where the women are drinking beer and the men are bringing  it to them? Factory-dominated brewing has gone on for so long it seems that society has completely  forgotten that beer was once the domain of women. A lot of people assume that women are trying beer  just because their husband or boyfriend offered them once, when in reality women have been drinking  beer for a longer time than they have been with their husbands. Gender inequality leads to economic  disadvantage for women, gendered violence, exclusion from the higher echelons of power but also from  enjoying good beer. Arbitrary and anachronistic feminine stereotypes are internalized essentially by  women- Naomi McAuliffe. If any of the companies do choose to try and sell the beer to the female part of society, they need to be  very careful since they are not just telling us what beer we are supposed to be drinking, they are also  letting us know what they think about us, collectively, and as individuals. According to Beer Genie the  reason that women don’t drink as much beer as men is a combination of misconceptions, myopic macho  marketing, a lack of knowledge and information and the way it is served. It has nothing to do with the  taste, and that is why I think that the commercials are to blame for women being ‘afraid’ to try beer or  even ask for one in a bar/pub. In order to try and change the view of beer, I have decided to make a beer commercial where the roles  will be changed. The woman is going to be the one drinking the beer, and the man is going to be the one  handing it to her. I am hoping that by doing this, I will be able to show how by just reversing the ‘normal’  roles, men and women can be seen in a different light. If we want to provide males and females with a wide range of possible roles, we need to make sure that  they are being thought from the young age that they are free to explore all the roles. There is a lot of  room for improvement when it comes to gender representation in commercials. [i] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NHy8zMPOa2Q [ii] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EHlmGRhj7vM [iii] Look at the attachment [iv] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V6rAQHa1gmc [v] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t_3oIy5jAG0 [vi] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xGItoKaX0BM [vii] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uH1dEWhutm8 [viii] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ff-jBpca7Cw BIBLIOGRAPHY: http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2012/aug/14/pint-beer-woman-right Accessed: 22/5/15 http://www.acrwebsite.org/search/view-conference-proceedings.aspx?Id=7225 Accessed: 22/5/15 http://firstwefeast.com/drink/how-craft-beer-fails-its-female-fan-base/ Accessed: 25/5/15 http://www.tested.com/food/460240-women-are-taking-back-beer/ Accessed: 20/5/15 http://www.beerwestmag.com/the-magazine/feature-have-you-really-come-a-long-way-baby/ Accessed: 22/5/15 http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2012/aug/14/pint-beer-woman-right Accessed: 20/5/15 All of these sources are very reliable and up to date. Some of them have been written in more than two years ago, but have been updated fairly recently.

Comparison of Northwest Airlines and American Airlines Essay -- Aviati

Comparison of Northwest Airlines and American Airlines Globalization Globalization can be defined as â€Å"making worldwide in scope or application†(1). In this comparison of the global corporate culture of Northwest Airlines and American Airlines several areas will be addressed. The strength of the global culture with-in the companies. The fit of the company to the global marketplace, and the adaptive ness or the empowerment of the employees will be examined and compared. Perhaps more important, than whether they currently have a global atmosphere, is whether they can improve or create this atmosphere. A comparison between the two airlines will be made on their mission statements, information dissemination, global-mindedness, career paths, and the use of cultural differences as an asset and if a worldwide training system is in place. A conclusion will then be made as to which corporation has the best organizational composition to compete in the global market. The strength of Northwest and Americans’ global culture can be compared by evaluating how well they â€Å"facilitate performance†(2,546). Both of the corporation’s employees, it may be argued, have the common goal of wanting their company to expand and continue to grow in the global market. It could also be argued that the companies differ, in significant ways, when it comes to the motivating effect this common goal has. Northwest seems to be better motivated in obtaining this goal. Examples of this motivated corporate culture are illustrated by the fact that they were â€Å"pioneers in global alliances†(3) and in the fact that they have committed major investments, in the form of hub cities, in both Tokyo and Amsterdam. American, on the other hand, does not seem to be as motivated by the goal of expansion in the global market. Although they have alliances with several international carriers, the number of alliances is not as large as Northwestâ€⠄¢s. The recent acquisition of TWA, by American (4), may help to expand their global culture, due to the greater foothold this acquired asset has in the global market. In addition the financial investment that Northwest has shown in the global market is lacking in American. The only hub, questionably, outside of the U.S. is in San Juan, Puerto Rico (4). American seems to concentrate its strength inside the U.S., which may have a stifling effect on globaliza... ...y increases, all of which are received positively by employees. Whenever possible, managers should select technology that increases workers’ skill requirements. Providing effective training about ways to use the new technology is essential. Training helps employees perceive that they control the technology rather than being controlled by it. The training should be designed to match workers’ needs, and it should increase the workers’ sense of mastery of the new technology. Mangers face a substantial challenge in leading organizations to adopt new technologies more humanely and effectively. Technological changes are essential for earnings growth and for expanded employment opportunities. The adoption of new technologies is critical determinant of American and Northwest Airlines in the global marketplace. Works Cited 1. Merriam - Webster Dictionary. www. M-W.com . ‘Globalization’ 2. Debra L. Nelson & James Campbell Quick. (2003). Organizational Behavior, Fourth Edition. Thomson. Pages 539 - 559 3. Northwest Airlines. www. NWA.com . Company Overview 4. American Airlines . www. AMRcorp.com . AMR Corporate Information

Compassion Fatigue Essay

The idea of caring for others is the motivating reason that draws most people into nursing. The concept of being a supportive part of a person’s health care needs is exactly the cause of compassion fatigue. Compassion fatigue can hit the best of nurses. Nurses who are highly driven and detail oriented are at a higher risk for developing compassion fatigue. Compassion fatigue was a term first applied in 1992; it is described as a syndrome that occurs in nurses when caring for a patient facing life-altering or life-threatening changes resulting from an illness. Compassion fatigue is prevalent among nurses today, due to increasing patient loads, as a result of nurse shortages and hospital cut backs. Compassion fatigue in nursing should not be ignored. There are classic warning signs that someone might be experiencing compassion fatigue. Recognizing the signs of compassion fatigue and following the necessary steps to prevent and treat it can provide one with the tools needed to make their nursing career rewarding. Warning signs of five concepts of compassion fatigue An essential first step in developing a prevention plan is to recognize the warning signs of compassion fatigue. Learning to become aware of the problem is the first step in prevention. Compassion fatigue cuts you off from the people that need you the most. Warning signs of compassion fatigue can include cognitive, emotional, behavioral, spiritual, and somatic symptoms (Portnoy, D. 2011). Cognitive Nature of the Problems and their Causes Cognitive behavior is the ability to judge and reason effectively and having a perception of your surroundings. Cognitive symptoms can include a decreased sense of personal satisfaction and personal accomplishments. A feeling of indifference or apathetic with ones patients is another sign. A  sense of disorientation with lowered levels of concentration can also be seen during this phase. Emotional Nature of the Problems and their Causes Our emotions are a valuable source upon which we can rely on. Our emotions help us make decisions, and communicate with our patients. When experiencing compassion fatigue our emotional health suffers. Emotional signs that one might be experiencing compassion fatigue could include powerlessness, anxiety, guilt, anger, numbness, fear, helplessness, sadness, depression, shock, blunted or enhanced affect (Portnoy, D., 2011). Behavioral Nature of the Problems and their Causes Behavior is simply the way we react to a given situation. In regards to nursing, behavior is the skills and ability to care for our patients. Behavioral symptoms of compassion fatigue usually manifest in behaviors that are out of the ordinary for the person. Some examples might include irritability, being withdrawn from family, friends and co-workers, moody, appetite changes, unable to get adequate sleep, and isolating one’s self (Portnoy, D., 2011). Spiritual Nature of the Problems and their Causes Spirituality can be described as a person’s way of being, thinking, choosing, and acting in the world in light of that person’s ultimate values(Barlow, 2006). Spiritual compassion fatigue can cause a person to question the meaning of life, or experience feelings of hopelessness. They might also question their relationship with God, or their religious belief system. Often times they will stop attending the church that they once faithfully attended. Somatic Nature of the Problems and their Causes The somatic system deals with our bodies. The somatic system is responsible for nearly all voluntary muscle movement as well as for processing sensory information. When compassion fatigue affects our somatic system we can experience physical symptoms such as, sweating, rapid heartbeat, breathing difficulties, aches and pains. Frequent headaches and colds can also develop during this phase (Portnoy, D., 2011). Physical, emotional, and spiritual needs of the caregiver Examining the progression of compassion fatigue and its symptoms, one thing is important to understand, compassion fatigue can have a major impact on a nurses professional career. It is easy to see that some of the symptoms can impair the ability of the nurse to provide quality nursing care to their patients. The best defense against compassion fatigue is for healthcare workers to take a proactive approach to their physical, emotional, and spiritual care. Physical needs of Caregiver The first step in the providing for the needs of caregiver is for the caregiver to recognize the symptoms of compassion fatigue. Healthcare workers should develop an improved sense of self-care. Healthcare workers, nurses in general spend their professional life taking care of others. Nurses should take care of their selves first. They need to develop a healthier lifestyle, by getting regular sleep, eating a balanced diet, and exercising regularly. Emotional needs of Caregiver Nurses who are young, idealistic, and highly motivated tend to suffer from compassion fatigue at a higher risk (Bush, N., 2009). Talking to friends, peers, and family to gain ideas on how to better balance your job responsibilities with your personal life is one area of focus for the healthcare worker. Learning to set boundaries in the early stages of your career can be a valuable tool. Recognizing your limitations is important; you cannot stop all the suffering and pain of all your patients. Learning that you can be there to help your patients without needing to fix everything can lessen the emotional toll that dealing with difficult situations presents. Spiritual needs of Caregiver Caregivers need to prepare their minds, bodies, souls, and spirits to become resilient in working with patient at intense levels (Bush, N., 2009). Caregivers need to develop skills of empathy when dealing with patients. A positive belief system and attitude can prevent feelings of hopelessness.  Caregivers should recharge their selves by making a list of enjoyable things that they find pleasure in. Remembering how inspired and motived they felt during those early days after graduation can help to refocus their thoughts in a more positive manner. Coping strategies and resources Applying a systemic approach to the prevention of compassion fatigue can provide the healthcare worker with valuable tools in the prevention of compassion fatigue. Awareness of what situations contribute to your stress level, what events cause an increase in your stress. Develop a health balance in your life. Provide yourself the opportunity to enjoy your favorite activities on regular bases. Learn to connect with friends, co-workers, and family to develop a positive support system in order to talk out your stress by sharing your thoughts and reactions to certain situations. Conclusion Realizing that you have control over how you manage your life. Being compassionate is not a character flaw; on the contrary, it is a great gift. The healthcare profession is a very demanding career. The ability to serve others is one of the highest callings that a person can have, but in order to do this effectively you must first take care of yourself. Understanding the key symptoms of compassion fatigue will allow for caregivers to put into place the necessary tools in order to prevent compassion fatigue. Engaging in self-care strategies will be beneficial for healthcare workers in order to handle to day to day stressors of their profession. References barlow828. (Nov 28, ’11). Spirituality in Nursing. Retrieved Sunday, Sep 01, 2013, from http://allnurses.com/showthread.php?t=646693 Bush, N. (2009). Compassion fatigue: are you at risk?. Oncology Nursing Forum, 36(1), 24-28. doi:10.1188/09.ONF.24-28 Gilmore, C. (2012). Compassion fatigue — what it is and how to avoid it. Kai Tiaki Nursing New Zealand, 18(5), 32. Portnoy, D. (2011). Burnout and Compassion Fatigue: Watch for the Signs. Health Progress. Retrieved from http://www.compassionfatigue.org/pages/healthprogress.pdf

Mythology and How It Affects Society Essay - 1218 Words

Mythology has been used in a multitude of ways since the beginnings of civilization as it provided mankind explanation for natural occurrences: harvest time and the changing of the seasons, natural disasters: earthquakes and storms, and life events: birth and death, but was also used to simply provide entertainment. Another huge role that mythology played a part in was the explanation of how the earth and all its people were created and why. This formed the structure for many societies as they could attain some kind of understanding as to what was happening in the world around them. As a result, humans brought about the creation of some very popular religions as the gods, whom they worshipped, were often referred to in the mythology of†¦show more content†¦The Greek creation myth focuses more on a matriarchal worship with Gaea being the mother goddess who created the sky and had her children who, then, established a patriarchal society with Zeus reigning over as supreme god and is the most recognized name in various forms of information even today. The creation myth was formed to found the basis of religion and give an answer to the question of how their world came to be. The way Greek mythology was set up also caused the society to be polytheist with many gods watching over them and having multiple shrines built for worship to a specific god or goddess. Now, â€Å"The Ages of Man† tells of how Zeus’s creation of man dwindled in quality with each coming generation due to lack of morality and respect. There were 5 ages total: The Golden Age, The Silver Age, The Bronze Age, The Age of Heroes, and The Age of Iron. The Silver age caused Zeus to change the weather from a year-long spring to a year of four seasons because of their blatant disrespect for one another and lack of worship of the deathless gods. The Age of Heroes was the most noble and virtuous of the times as they worshipped the gods frequently and most of these mortalsShow MoreRel atedEssay about Greek and Roman Mythology1513 Words   |  7 PagesGreek and Roman mythology is well know. The people of that time period were passionate about the gods and did everything in their power to please them. Like most religions the goal is be like one of the gods in order to achieve good fortune or to gain everlasting life. One of the most interesting characteristics about the Greek and Roman Gods is how the gods are not perfect in that they make the same mistakes that the average human would make. 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